{"id":2744,"date":"2020-05-28T10:16:29","date_gmt":"2020-05-28T02:16:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/?p=2744"},"modified":"2020-05-28T10:16:32","modified_gmt":"2020-05-28T02:16:32","slug":"%e4%ba%ba%e5%b7%a5%e6%99%ba%e8%83%bd%e6%97%b6%e4%bb%a3%e7%9a%84%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%8f%98%e5%8c%96%e3%80%81%e8%83%bd%e5%8a%9b%e9%9c%80%e6%b1%82%e4%b8%8e%e5%9f%b9%e5%85%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/?p=2744","title":{"rendered":"\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u9700\u6c42\u4e0e\u57f9\u517b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u300a\u65b0\u7586\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5(\u54f2\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7248)\u300b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6458\u8981<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c06\u88ab\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c06\u5411\u9ad8\u5ea6\u667a\u6167\u5316\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u5347\u7ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u4ecb\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u524d\u8fdb\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u96c6\u4e2d\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9002\u5e94\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u6ce8\u91cd\u63d0\u9ad8\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7d20\u517b\u3001\u57f9\u517b\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5e94\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u57f9\u517b\u6240\u9700\u4eba\u624d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u63aa\u65bd\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u7a81\u51fa\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u57f9\u517b\u7406\u5ff5\uff1b\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7d20\u517b\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff1b\u5b9e\u65bd\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u5411\u53ca\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1b\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000\u5173\u952e\u8bcd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff1b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1b\u80fd\u529b\u9700\u6c42\uff1b\u80fd\u529b\u57f9\u517b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u3000\u3000\u57fa\u91d1\u9879\u76ee<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u767b\u5cf0\u6218\u7565\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u4f18\u52bf\u5b66\u79d1\u5efa\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u4eac\u6d25\u5180\u534f\u540c\u53d1\u5c55\u667a\u5e93\u7814\u7a76\u8bfe\u9898\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5f53\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5904\u5728\u5168\u9762\u8fdb\u5165\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u671f\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u88c5\u8f7d\u6709\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u8bbe\u5907\u300218\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5148\u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u84b8\u6c7d\u673a\u3001\u5185\u71c3\u673a\u4e0e\u9a6c\u8fbe\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u6781\u5927\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u662f\u7ee7\u4e09\u5927\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u91cd\u5927\u6280\u672f\u3002\u51b5\u4e14\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ee5\u5f80\u6280\u672f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u8111\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u4eba\u4eec\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u4eba\u4eec\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u754c\u5b9a\u4eba\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u53ca\u6240\u9700\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u57f9\u517b\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u662f\u5c1a\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u56f4\u7ed5\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u5931\u4e1a\u98ce\u9669\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5bf9\u7b56\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u6790\uff08\u4e07\u6606\uff0c2019\uff1b\u9648\u660e\u751f\uff0c2019\uff1b\u738b\u541b\u7b49\uff0c2017\uff1b\u6f58\u6587\u8f69\uff0c2018\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u804c\u4e1a\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u63a2\u8ba8\uff08\u5357\u65ed\u5149\uff0c\u6c6a\u6d0b\uff0c2018\uff1b\u6bdb\u65ed\uff0c\u5f20\u6d9b\uff0c2019\uff1b\u4e01\u6668\uff0c2019\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u4ece\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u89d2\u5ea6\u63a2\u7a76\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u517b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u8f83\u4e3a\u5c11\u89c1\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u2014\u5de5\u4f5c\u2014\u80fd\u529b\u2014\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u524d\u6cbf\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u884c\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9610\u660e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0e\u80fd\u529b\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u80fd\u529b\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u6218\u7565\u601d\u8def\u548c\u5173\u952e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u4e00\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u53d8\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08Artificial Intelligence\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0AI\uff09\u662f\u6307\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u5e94\u73af\u5883\u3001\u505a\u51fa\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u4f73\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5408\u7406\u4e3b\u4f53\uff08Rational Agent\uff09\uff08S.J.Russell\uff0cP.Norvig\uff0c2018\uff09\u3002\u611f\u5e94\u73af\u5883\u3001\u505a\u51fa\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u4f73\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u667a\u6167\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5408\u7406\u4e3b\u4f53\uff09\u88ab\u518d\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u5177\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u6167\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u800c\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u53c8\u662f\u4e0e\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u611f\u5e94\u5668\u3001\u8d85\u9ad8\u901f\u901a\u4fe1\u7f51\u3001\u5927\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u5206\u6790\u88c5\u7f6e\u3001\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u673a\u5668\u624b\u7b49\u7ec4\u6210\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9645\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u673a\u573a\u51fa\u5165\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4eba\u8138\u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6c7d\u8f66\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u88c5\u8f7d\u6709\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u6167\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u66ff\u4ee3\u4eba\u5b8c\u6210\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u51b3\u7b56\u548c\u64cd\u63a7\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5728\u8bc6\u522b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u5224\u522b\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u68c0\u7d22\uff0c\u5982\u4ece\u5f71\u50cf\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u764c\u53d8\u5f81\u5146\uff1b\u4ece\u97f3\u8c03\u8bed\u901f\u4e2d\u68c0\u6d4b\u60c5\u7eea\uff1b\u4ece\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u76d1\u63a7\u8bbe\u5907\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u5929\u6c14\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u5f02\u5e38\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u51b3\u7b56\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u503c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u7269\u8c61\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0e\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5982\u9884\u6d4b\u9500\u552e\u989d\u3001GDP\u6307\u6807\u3001\u6c11\u610f\u5ea6\u3001\u4fe1\u7528\u98ce\u9669\u3001\u75c5\u53d8\u98ce\u9669\uff1b\u63a8\u65ad\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7231\u597d\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1\u63a8\u9500\u65f6\u673a\uff1b\u6839\u636e\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7231\u597d\u3001\u4e60\u60ef\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u63a8\u8350\u4e0d\u540c\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u5e7f\u544a\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u64cd\u63a7\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u73b0\u751f\u6210\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u884c\u52a8\u6700\u4f73\u5316\u53ca\u4f5c\u4e1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff0c\u5982\u81ea\u52a8\u64b0\u5199\u65b0\u95fb\u7a3f\u4ef6\u3001\u6982\u62ec\u6587\u7ae0\u5927\u610f\uff1b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9879\u76ee\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\u3001\u5546\u54c1\u6807\u8bc6\u3001\u7f51\u9875\u5e03\u5c40\u3001\u836f\u54c1\u6210\u5206\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b\u4f18\u5316\u6e38\u620f\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u9001\u8d27\u8def\u7ebf\u3001\u5e97\u94fa\u5e03\u5c40\uff1b\u5b9e\u65bd\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u54a8\u8be2\u7b49\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u4eba\u89c4\u5b9a\u597d\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5c31\u80fd\u51c6\u786e\u65e0\u8bef\u5730\u66ff\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u8fdb\u884c\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff08\u5b89\u5b85\u548c\u4eba\uff0c2015\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5de5\u4f5c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7279\u5f81<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u5de5\u4f5c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u30001.\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u88ab\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6240\u8c13\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u5965\u6258\uff08D.H.Autor\uff09\u7b49\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u53d8\u5316\u5c11\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4e8b\u5148\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08Autor et al\uff0c2003\uff09\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u53c8\u5206\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2014\u8ba4\u77e5\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u80a2\u4f53\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2014\u80a2\u4f53\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u6307\u76f4\u89c9\u3001\u5224\u65ad\u3001\u60f3\u8c61\u3001\u63a8\u7406\u3001\u51b3\u7b56\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u7b49\u80fd\u529b\uff1b\u80a2\u4f53\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u6307\u4f53\u529b\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2014\u8ba4\u77e5\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u3001\u5355\u4e00\u6027\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u660e\u786e\u5e76\u4e14\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8111\u529b\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u884c\u653f\u4e8b\u52a1\u3001\u4f1a\u8ba1\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2014\u80a2\u4f53\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u3001\u5355\u4e00\u6027\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u660e\u786e\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u529b\uff0c\u5982\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7ec4\u88c5\u3001\u4ed3\u5e93\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u7f16\u5236\u6210\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ec4\u88c5\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4f5c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u53cd\u590d\u5b9e\u65bd\u540c\u6837\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5236\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee5\u53ca\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e5f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u6210\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ec4\u88c5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u518d\u5982\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4f1a\u8ba1\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u626b\u63cf\u6216\u63a5\u53d7\u7535\u5b50\u4fe1\u53f7\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u6839\u636e\u89c4\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u6c47\u603b\u7b49\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f1a\u5448\u73b0\u660e\u663e\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u84dd\u9886\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5c06\u66ff\u4ee3\u767d\u9886\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u8005\u5f17\u96f7\uff08C.B.Frey\uff09\u4e0e\u5965\u65af\u672c\uff08M.Osborne\uff09\u57282013\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u672a\u676520\u5e74\u91cc\u5c06\u670947%\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b58\u5728\u88ab\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u63a8\u9500\u5458\u3001\u6807\u9898\u5ba1\u67e5\u4e0e\u6458\u8981\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u624b\u5de5\u7f1d\u7eab\u5de5\u3001\u6280\u5de5\u3001\u4fdd\u9669\u53d7\u7406\u5458\u3001\u624b\u8868\u4fee\u7406\u5de5\u3001\u8d27\u7269\u8fd0\u8f93\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u7a0e\u52a1\u4ee3\u7406\u5458\u3001\u7167\u7247\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u3001\u4f1a\u8ba1\u52a9\u7406\u3001\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u6280\u672f\u5458\u3001\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5458\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\u88ab\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\u6982\u7387\u53ef\u9ad8\u8fbe99%\uff08C.B.Frey\uff0cM.Osborne\uff0c2013\uff09\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b0\u95fb\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a52017\u5e74\u5408\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u3001\u9910\u996e\u3001\u8fd0\u8f93\u7b4923\u4e2a\u4ea7\u4e1a\u76842000\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6709\u8d85\u8fc73\u6210\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u88ab\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f80.2%\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u710a\u63a5\u3001\u7ec4\u88c5\u3001\u88c1\u7f1d\u3001\u5236\u978b\u7b49\u4e1a\u52a1\uff1b\u9910\u996e\u4e1a\u88ab\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f68.5%\uff0c\u5982\u5ba2\u670d\u3001\u70b9\u9910\u3001\u98df\u6750\u51c6\u5907\u3001\u9910\u684c\u4e0e\u9910\u5177\u6446\u653e\u7b49\u4e1a\u52a1\uff1b\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e1a\u88ab\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f48.4%\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8f66\u8f86\u7ef4\u4fee\u3001\u98de\u673a\u9a7e\u9a76\u3001\u8fd0\u8f93\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b49\u4e1a\u52a1\uff08Shotaro Tani\uff0c2017\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u88ab\u53d6\u4ee3\u6982\u7387\u9ad8\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u3001\u5355\u4e00\u6027\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4e4f\u767d\u9886\u5c97\u4f4d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u30002.\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u88ab\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u53d8\u5316\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4e8b\u5148\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u4f5c\u53c8\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2014\u8ba4\u77e5\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u3001\u4f5c\u66f2\u4f5c\u753b\u3001\u7ecf\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u533b\u7597\u8bca\u65ad\u3001\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8fa9\u62a4\u7b49\uff1b\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2014\u80a2\u4f53\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u70f9\u996a\u3001\u7406\u7597\u3001\u770b\u62a4\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c7d\u8f66\u9a7e\u9a76\u7b49\u3002\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2014\u8ba4\u77e5\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\u3001\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\uff0c\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8fd8\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u5b8c\u5168\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u70f9\u996a\u3001\u7406\u7597\u3001\u770b\u62a4\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c7d\u8f66\u9a7e\u9a76\u7b49\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u2014\u80a2\u4f53\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u4eba\u9645\u95f4\u4e92\u52a8\u3001\u7075\u654f\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u80a2\u4f53\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5c1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u505a\u5230\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u6765\u627f\u62c5\u3002\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5728\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u4ee3\u66ff\u4eba\u505a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u671b\u5c06\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u7eb3\u5165\u66ff\u4ee3\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5982\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u3001\u884c\u8d70\u52a9\u529b\u3001\u7f16\u5236\u8bc9\u8bbc\u65b9\u6848\u3001\u4f5c\u66f2\u4f5c\u753b\u7b49\uff08Autor\uff0c2015\uff09\u3002\u5c4a\u65f6\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u4eba\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u4e1a\u52a1\u91cd\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ece\u4ee5\u524d\u7531\u4eba\u627f\u62c5\u6240\u6709\u4e1a\u52a1\u53d8\u6210\u7531\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u4eba\u5171\u540c\u5206\u62c5\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u5f71\u50cf\u8bca\u65ad\u7531\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8bca\u65ad\u7531\u533b\u751f\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b\u56f4\u68cb\u966a\u7ec3\u7531\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u627f\u62c5\uff0c\u68cb\u827a\u89e3\u8bf4\u7531\u6559\u7ec3\u627f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u30003.\u5de5\u4f5c\u5411\u9ad8\u5ea6\u667a\u6167\u5316\u8f6c\u79fb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u88c5\u8f7d\u6709\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u90e8\u5206\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4ecd\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbe\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u89c4\u5212\u672a\u6765\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u672a\u66fe\u6709\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7075\u611f\u3001\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u5e38\u8bc6\u5224\u65ad\u529b\u3001\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u6307\u6325\u4eba\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u5b89\u5b85\u548c\u4eba\uff0c2015\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u4ecd\u6709\u56db\u7c7b\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6240\u65e0\u6cd5\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u7efc\u5408\u5206\u6790\u5404\u79cd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5f52\u7eb3\u548c\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u5206\u6790\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u60c5\u611f\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u6587\u5b66\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u7b49\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u5305\u542b\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u8bf4\u670d\u3001\u4ea4\u6d89\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4eba\u9645\u95f4\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e0e\u534f\u540c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7b49\u3002\u4e09\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7075\u654f\u7684\u80a2\u4f53\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u6f14\u594f\u4e50\u66f2\u3001\u8868\u6f14\u821e\u8e48\u3001\u9ad8\u96be\u5ea6\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u7b49\u3002\u56db\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u770b\u62a4\u3001\u6e05\u626b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u770b\u4f3c\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u6839\u636e\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e38\u8bc6\u7b49\u5bf9\u60c5\u5883\u4f5c\u51fa\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u6e05\u626b\u65f6\u5bf9\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u5e9f\u7eb8\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u5b83\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7b14\u8bb0\u8fd8\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5e9f\u7eb8\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u626b\u5730\u673a\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\u7684\uff08\u91ce\u53e3\u60a0\u7eaa\u96c4\uff0c2018\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u9886\u57df\u8fd8\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u5728\u770b\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u6400\u6276\u60a3\u8005\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\uff1b\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5df2\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u7ed8\u753b\u53ca\u97f3\u4e50\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u534f\u540c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u666e\u904d\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5185\u6db5\u5fc5\u7136\u8981\u5411\u9ad8\u5ea6\u667a\u6167\u5316\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4eba\u673a\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5f15\u8fdb\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4ecd\u662f\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8d77\u8f85\u52a9\u6027\u548c\u652f\u6301\u6027\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8f85\u52a9\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4eba\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u9700\u8981\u80a2\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u63a8\u7406\u4e0e\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u534f\u8c03\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u54a8\u8be2\u3001\u6c9f\u901a\u4e0e\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bba\u575b\u300a\u804c\u4e1a\u524d\u666f\u62a5\u544a2018\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u4e862018\u5e74\u4eba\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u5360\u6bd4\u503c\u548c2022\u5e74\u4eba\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u5360\u6bd4\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u503c\uff08\u89c1\u88681\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c2022\u5e74\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u5360\u603b\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e1a\u52a1\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u5360\u6bd4\u5c06\u8d85\u8fc7\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u884c\u653f\u3001\u80a2\u4f53\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e1a\u52a1\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u6267\u884c\u590d\u6742\u6280\u672f\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u5360\u6bd4\u4e5f\u5c06\u8d85\u8fc7\u56db\u6210\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u4e0e\u51b3\u7b56\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c9f\u901a\u4e0e\u4e92\u52a8\u8fd9\u6837\u539f\u672c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4eba\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e5f\u5c06\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e09\u6210\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d77\u8f85\u52a9\u3001\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u6570\u5b57\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u201d\u53d1\u6325\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fdb\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u667a\u80fd\u8bbe\u5907\u5c06\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u66ff\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5c06\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/ex.cssn.cn\/glx\/glx_kjgl\/202005\/W020200528336847569031.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u804c\u4e1a\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u88ab\u66ff\u4ee3\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u804c\u4e1a\u53ca\u5de5\u4f5c\u9009\u62e9\u6709\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u5b66\u8005\u8fbe\u6587\u6ce2\u7279\uff08T.H.Davenport\uff09\u548c\u5361\u6bd4\uff08J.Kirby\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5373\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u8eab\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u6709\u4e94\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u5347\u7ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u63d0\u5347\u7ba1\u7406\u7d20\u8d28\u548c\u638c\u63e1\u8d85\u8d8a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5927\u5c40\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u5411\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5c97\u4f4d\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u7ecf\u8425\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u900f\u5f7b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u9700\u8981\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3001\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5c97\u4f4d\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c06\u88ab\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5347\u7ea7\u5230\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5c97\u4f4d\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u4f1a\u6bd4\u4ee5\u5f80\u5c11\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u4e0d\u80fd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u9886\u57df\u3002\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8bbe\u5907\u5c1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u66ff\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u5c97\u4f4d\u3002\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c97\u4f4d\u4e5f\u5c06\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c97\u4f4d\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u8981\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u5371\u673a\u611f\uff1b\u4e09\u662f\u4ecb\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u76d1\u89c6\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u73b0\u573a\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4ecb\u5165\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u7531\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff1b\u56db\u662f\u96c6\u4e2d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c1a\u672a\u6e17\u900f\u5230\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u804c\u4e1a\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8981\u6c42\u7279\u6b8a\u3001\u9ad8\u8d85\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u6167\u53ca\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u65e9\u671f\u3001\u957f\u671f\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9700\u8981\u5929\u8d4b\uff1b\u4e94\u662f\u524d\u8fdb\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6307\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ff1\u8fdb\uff0c\u52a0\u5927\u5b66\u4e60\u529b\u5ea6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5f00\u53d1\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u5f53\u524d\u9886\u57df\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u7684\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u667a\u80fd\u673a\u5668\uff08T.H.Davenport and J.Kirby\uff0c2015\uff09\u3002\u4ece\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u770b\uff0c\u5347\u7ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u4ecb\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u524d\u8fdb\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u6216\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6536\u5165\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5c31\u4e1a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u4ece\u5c31\u4e1a\u653f\u7b56\u89d2\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u63f4\u52a9\u3002\u96c6\u4e2d\u65b9\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u8d77\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u5bf9\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u57f9\u517b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u9700\u6c42<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4eba\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u4f5c\u4e1a\u90fd\u5c06\u7531\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u9a7e\u9a6d\u667a\u80fd\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u667a\u80fd\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u4ece\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u5907\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4ed8\u51fa\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\uff1b\u4ece\u4f01\u4e1a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5458\u5de5\uff0c\u662f\u521b\u9020\u4ef7\u503c\u6240\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u5927\u529b\u5f15\u8fdb\u548c\u57f9\u517b\uff1b\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u961f\u4f0d\u548c\u540e\u5907\u529b\u91cf\u90fd\u5177\u5907\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a33\u5b9a\u5c31\u4e1a\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6709\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a2\u8ba8\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u80fd\u529b\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u8bf8\u591a\u5b50\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u6280\u672f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u9002\u914d\u6027\u3002\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u5c06\u63d0\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8981\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u51b3\u7b56\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e00\u822c\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u975e\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u975e\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u7740\u51e0\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u5982\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u8f6f\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u4eba\u683c\u7279\u8d28\u3001\u6027\u683c\uff08Heckman\uff0cKautz\uff0c2012\uff09\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u6cbf\u7528\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08OECD\uff09\uff082015\uff09\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u6837\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u975e\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6709\u5173\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8ba4\u8bc6\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5982\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5982\u68c0\u7d22\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5982\u601d\u8003\u3001\u63a8\u7406\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u5c42\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ece\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8\u3001\u4f9d\u6b21\u9012\u8fdb\u3002\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u534f\u4f5c\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u63a7\u5236\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5fcd\u8010\u3001\u81ea\u5f8b\u3001\u610f\u613f\uff1b\u793e\u4f1a\u534f\u4f5c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u3001\u4f53\u8d34\uff1b\u60c5\u611f\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u81ea\u5c0a\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u3001\u81ea\u4fe1\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4eba\u7684\u8111\u529b\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u80a2\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u8003\u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u5408\u4e8c\u4e3a\u4e00\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u8003\u65e2\u6709\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u80fd\u591f\u5ba2\u89c2\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u4e25\u5b88\u6210\u672c\u6536\u76ca\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u51b7\u9759\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6218\u7565\u5206\u6790\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u8003\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u624b\u6cd5\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u65b0\u73b0\u8c61\u6301\u6709\u5f00\u653e\u5fc3\u6001\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u6539\u53d8\u601d\u8def\u548c\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\u6b63\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u8303\u7574\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u6c60\u8feb\u6d69\u5b50\uff0c\u5bab\u672c\u6643\u53f8\uff0c2015\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u80fd\u529b\u9700\u6c42\u53d8\u5316\u4e0e\u9884\u6d4b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u4f7f\u5f97\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5bf9\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u9700\u6c42\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u65b0\u53d8\u5316\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u5927\u578b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u7535\u8111\u7ec8\u7aef\u548c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5927\u4e3a\u6539\u89c2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bf9\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\uff08Deming\uff0c2015\uff09\u3002\u57281980-2012\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u5c31\u4e1a\u4eba\u6570\u5360\u7f8e\u56fd\u6240\u6709\u5c31\u4e1a\u4eba\u6570\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u589e\u957f\u4e86\u8fd112\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u5c31\u4e1a\u4eba\u6570\u5360\u6bd4\u51cf\u5c11\u4e863\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u589e\u957f\u4e5f\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u804c\u4e1a\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e142000\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u589e\u5e45\u5927\u4e8e2000\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff0c\u5c97\u4f4d\u4efb\u52a1\u91cd\u7ec4\uff0c\u4eba\u5458\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u5f62\u5f0f\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u534f\u8c03\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e0d\u540c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6709\u6548\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u4e3a\u8f74\u5fc3\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u6c42\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u63d0\u9ad8\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8981\u6c42\u5176\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u7efc\u5408\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u7ef4\u56e0\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Weinberger\uff0c2014\uff09\u5229\u7528\u7f8e\u56fd\u804c\u4e1a\u5927\u5178\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bf91977-2002\u5e74\u95f4\u5404\u804c\u4e1a\u5c31\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u5177\u6709\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u4eba\u9645\u80fd\u529b\u4ee510\u9636\u6bb5\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6570\u503c\u628a\u804c\u4e1a\u5206\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e24\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u4eba\u9645\u80fd\u529b\u8d4b\u503c\u5747\u9ad8\u4e8e5\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4e2d\u4e00\u65b9\u8d4b\u503c\u9ad8\u4e8e5\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u8d4b\u503c\u4f4e\u4e8e5\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u3002\u5206\u6790\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e24\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u8d4b\u503c\u5747\u9ad8\u4e8e5\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u4eba\u6570\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4ec5\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u8d4b\u503c\u9ad8\u4e8e5\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u4eba\u6570\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u4ee51972\u5e74\u548c1992\u5e74\u7684\u9ad8\u4e2d3\u5e74\u7ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e74\u7ea7\u5c42\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u5404\u5c42\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6570\u5b66\u6210\u7ee9\u3001\u9886\u5bfc\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6bd5\u4e1a7\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u6570\u5b66\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u9886\u5bfc\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u5728\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u8fd9\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u80fd\u529b\u95f4\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5404\u81ea\u5355\u72ec\u4ea7\u751f\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u7ec4\u5408\uff08\u4e92\u8865\uff09\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5426\u5b9a\u4eba\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u5404\u81ea\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fbe\u5230\u65b0\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u4e92\u8865\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u8bba\u51fa\uff0c\u517c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u5728\u4ee5\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e3a\u8f74\u5fc3\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u65f6\u4ee3\u5c06\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u9700\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef7\u503c\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/ex.cssn.cn\/glx\/glx_kjgl\/202005\/W020200528336847593002.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u63a8\u8bba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5728\u8fd1\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bba\u575b\u7684\u300a\u804c\u4e1a\u524d\u666f\u62a5\u544a2018\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u4e86313\u5bb6\u8de8\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c42\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa2022\u5e74\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5173\u952e\u80fd\u529b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u67098\u4e2a\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u6027\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u6218\u7565\u6027\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u3001\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u548c\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u63a8\u7406\u4e0e\u6784\u601d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u4e0e2018\u5e74\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30\u662f\u65b0\u589e\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u5bf9\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u7d20\u8d28\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u800c\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u6027\u667a\u5546\u5c5e\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u80fd\u529b\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u57282018\u5e74\u30012022\u5e74\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u91cc\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5e02\u573a\u53ca\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5185\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u53bb\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u8fd0\u7528\u6280\u672f\u6280\u80fd\u53bb\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8111\u529b\u3001\u80a2\u4f53\u5728\u5185\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5c06\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5982\u64cd\u4f5c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3001\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u4e0e\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u542c\u89c9\u4e0e\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u7b97\u7b49\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5982\u8d22\u52a1\u548c\u7269\u8d44\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65bd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6807\u51c6\u7b80\u5355\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d1\u6325\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u4ece\u80fd\u529b\u5c42\u6b21\u770b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5c5e\u4e8e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u4f46\u5904\u4e8e\u4f4e\u7ea7\u5c42\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bba\u575b\u57282016\u5e74\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u9700\u6c42\u53d8\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u57282020\u5e74\u5bf9\u5176\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0e\u80a2\u4f53\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6\u5927\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u9700\u6c42\u5c06\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8bbe\u5907\u7ef4\u62a4\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u80fd\u529b\uff0c2016\u5e74\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6709\u4e94\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9700\u6c42\u4f1a\u5904\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u72b6\u51b5\uff08\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bba\u575b\uff0c2016\uff09\u3002\u7531\u4e8e2016\u5e74\u30012018\u5e74\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u80fd\u529b\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e00\u76f4\u5904\u4e8e\u589e\u5f3a\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u8bbe\u5907\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7b49\u4f4e\u5c42\u6b21\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5219\u660e\u663e\u51cf\u5f31\uff0c\u8fd9\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u5bf9\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u5316\u6709\u7740\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5f3a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5df4\u514b\u4ec0\uff08Bakhshi\uff09\u7b49\u5229\u7528\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u6570\u636e\u9884\u6d4b\u4e86\u4e24\u56fd2030\u5e74\u5404\u804c\u4e1a\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u589e\u957f\u548c\u804c\u4e1a\u6240\u9700\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff08Bakhshi et al\uff0c2017\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u80fd\u529b\u5305\u62ec120\u9879\u3002\u7f8e\u82f1\u4e24\u56fd\u5404\u804c\u4e1a\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u670915\u9879\uff08\u89c1\u88683\uff09\u3002\u4ece\u88683\u770b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u603b\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4e0e\u4eba\u9645\u4ea4\u5f80\u6709\u5173\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\u5305\u62ec\u6307\u5bfc\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u77e5\u89c9\/\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3001\u534f\u8c03\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5bfc\u5411\u3001\u4e3b\u52a8\u503e\u542c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5982\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u57f9\u8bad\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u548c\u54a8\u8be2\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u3002\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u8303\u7574\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5982\u8981\u6c42\u80fd\u591f\u4e86\u89e3\u5f53\u524d\u548c\u672a\u6765\u5f62\u52bf\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u505a\u51fa\u884c\u52a8\u89c4\u5212\uff08\u6218\u7565\u6027\u5b66\u4e60\uff09\uff1b\u80fd\u591f\u4e86\u89e3\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u548c\u672a\u6765\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0e\u51b3\u7b56\u53d1\u6325\u5f71\u54cd\uff08\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\uff09\uff1b\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u51fa\u6709\u5173\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u60f3\u6cd5\uff08\u601d\u60f3\u6d41\u5229\u6027\uff09\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u670910\u9879\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u8303\u7574\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u6d41\u5229\u6027\u3001\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6218\u7565\u6027\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u539f\u521b\u6027\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3001\u63a8\u7406\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u6790\u3001\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u8003\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8fd1\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u53ea\u6709\u5145\u5206\u5177\u5907\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\u65b0\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u65b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u5730\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u5438\u6536\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u793e\u4f1a\u6280\u672f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u793e\u4f1a\u6280\u672f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u73af\u8282\u7684\u4e92\u8fde\u548c\u53cd\u9988\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u6b63\u786e\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u9645\u4ea4\u5f80\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\u5305\u62ec\u6307\u5bfc\u3001\u534f\u8c03\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5982\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u57f9\u8bad\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/ex.cssn.cn\/glx\/glx_kjgl\/202005\/W020200528336847610675.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u30002017\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u624d\u54a8\u8be2\u516c\u53f8\u963f\u5fb7\u5361\uff08Adecco\uff09\u5bf9309\u5bb6\u4e0a\u5e02\u516c\u53f8\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u62bd\u6837\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\uff08\u8c03\u67e5\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u4e3a2017\u5e74\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u666e\u904d\u5e94\u7528\u76842035\u5e74\uff09\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff08\u89c1\u88684\uff09\uff0c2035\u5e74\u6700\u9700\u8981\u7684\u524d10\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u80fd\u529b\u4e2d\uff0c5\u9879\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u9020\u6027\u3001\u5206\u6790\u6027\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u62bd\u8c61\u6027\u601d\u8003\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u7b80\u5355\u95ee\u9898\u30025\u9879\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3001\u6311\u6218\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u548c\u79ef\u6781\u6027\u4e0e\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\u30022017\u5e74\u7684\u524d10\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u80fd\u529b\u4e2d\uff0c4\u9879\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u662f\u5206\u6790\u6027\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u62bd\u8c61\u6027\u601d\u8003\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u521b\u9020\u6027\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u96c6\uff1b6\u9879\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5982\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u79ef\u6781\u6027\u4e0e\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\u3001\u6311\u6218\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u56e2\u961f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u534f\u8c03\u6027\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5b9e\u73b0\u610f\u613f\u3002\u4ece\u6570\u91cf\u770b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f2017\u5e74\u8fd8\u662f2035\u5e74\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6392\u540d\u57fa\u672c\u76f8\u5f53\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u65e0\u8bba\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5747\u8861\u80fd\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u5185\u5bb9\u770b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f2017\u5e74\u8fd8\u662f2035\u5e74\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5b50\u9879\u76ee\u57fa\u672c\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4f01\u4e1a\u80fd\u529b\u9700\u6c42\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4ece\u4e2a\u522b\u80fd\u529b\u53d8\u5316\u770b\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a81\u51fa\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u4e2d\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c06\u8fdb\u884c\u4e1a\u52a1\u91cd\u7ec4\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5458\u5de5\u5728\u9ad8\u4ef7\u503c\u5de5\u4f5c\u9886\u57df\u521b\u65b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u53d6\u5f97\u7a81\u7834\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u8fd9\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4f01\u4e1a\u9700\u8981\u5458\u5de5\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u53bb\u53d1\u73b0\u751f\u4ea7\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6267\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/ex.cssn.cn\/glx\/glx_kjgl\/202005\/W020200528336847641673.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u7b26\u5408\u65f6\u4ee3\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8981\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u7efc\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9996\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6709\u5173\u7684\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u65b0\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u8981\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63d0\u9ad8\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u8981\u5411\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u5e94\u91cd\u70b9\u53d1\u5c55\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u79f0\u4f5c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b0\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u79f0\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u6218\u7565\u6027\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u80fd\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u5347\u7ea7\u4ee5\u7b26\u5408\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u65b0\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d8\u5316\u76f8\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u611f\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u8981\u540c\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8981\u4ef6\u53ef\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u30001.\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u77e5\u8bc6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6b63\u5982\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u7b97\u662f\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u80fd\u529b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8981\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ee5\u5f80\u65f6\u4ee3\u6240\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u6570\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u7406\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u6982\u7387\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001\u7ebf\u5f62\u4ee3\u6570\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u6570\u636e\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6709\u6570\u7406\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bed\u8a00\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u64cd\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u80fd\uff1a\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u65e2\u6210\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7f16\u5236\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5177\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u611f\u5e94\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u53cd\u9988\u7b49\u667a\u6167\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u88c5\u5907\u3002\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u65b0\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u66f4\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u6216\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6839\u636e\u9886\u57df\u3001\u5c97\u4f4d\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ee5\u53ca\u79d1\u6280\u90e8\u95e8\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u4f01\u4e1a\u8054\u624b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u683c\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4eba\u624d\u7684\u6807\u6746\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u30002.\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8981\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4eba\u9645\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\u6108\u53d1\u663e\u5f97\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u53ca\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8981\u5bf9\u73b0\u72b6\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5bf9\u73b0\u72b6\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u53d8\u3001\u91cd\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u5468\u8fb9\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5e2e\u52a9\u53ca\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4eba\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u9ad8\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u80fd\u7b80\u660e\u627c\u8981\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5f00\u8bda\u5e03\u516c\u5730\u5bfb\u6c42\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u8bda\u5b9e\u5b88\u4fe1\u5730\u4e0e\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4eba\u5728\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u610f\u5fd7\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u60c5\u5546\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u5316\u827a\u672f\u7684\u5ba1\u7f8e\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u91cf\u8fd0\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u6709\u5176\u4fbf\u6377\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u865a\u5047\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u4f26\u7406\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u6613\u53d7\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u793e\u4f1a\u6c1b\u56f4\u7684\u652f\u6491\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u800c\u6027\u683c\u6709\u5929\u751f\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f01\u4e1a\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e2\u8981\u4f20\u6388\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u8003\u8651\u4e2a\u4eba\u6027\u683c\u4e2d\u7684\u5929\u751f\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u4eba\u65bd\u6559\uff0c\u8c03\u52a8\u6709\u5229\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u30003.\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u4f7f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff0c\u628a\u4eba\u4ece\u5355\u4e00\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u91cd\u5ea6\u53ca\u5371\u9669\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u4eba\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u6325\u81ea\u5df1\u7279\u6709\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u786e\u7acb\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u53bb\u53d1\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u53ca\u5e02\u573a\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u5305\u62ec\u62bd\u8c61\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u6982\u62ec\u51fa\u4e8b\u7269\u672c\u8d28\u5e76\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u501f\u52a9\u62bd\u8c61\u80fd\u529b\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u7efc\u5408\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u878d\u4f1a\u8d2f\u901a\uff0c\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u5408\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u518d\u521b\u9020\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u718a\u5f7c\u7279\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u521b\u65b0\u6709\u4e94\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u4ea7\u54c1\u521b\u65b0\u3001\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u3001\u539f\u6750\u6599\u521b\u65b0\u3001\u5e02\u573a\u521b\u65b0\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u65e0\u4e00\u4e0d\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u8981\u7d20\u95f4\u7ec4\u5408\u4e0e\u521b\u9020\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u718a\u5f7c\u7279\uff0c2016\uff09\u3002\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u63d0\u51fa\u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fdb\u884c\u878d\u5408\u4e0e\u521b\u9020\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u7efc\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u628a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u521b\u9020\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\u5177\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u6070\u6070\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7279\u6709\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u518d\u73b0\u3002\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u4ece\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u5230\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5230\u5c31\u4e1a\u4e4b\u540e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u63a5\u53d7\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6216\u542f\u53d1\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u9f13\u52b1\u72ec\u521b\u3001\u5bb9\u8bb8\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u5bbd\u677e\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u30004.\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u5883\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7559\u7ed9\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e8b\u5148\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7f16\u5236\u64cd\u63a7\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u8eab\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u5e38\u8bc6\u4ee5\u53ca\u609f\u6027\u6765\u7075\u6d3b\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u6837\u672c\u5b66\u4e60\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u53d8\u5316\u90fd\u5e26\u6709\u5076\u7136\u6027\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u53ef\u5faa\uff0c\u8fd9\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u6837\u672c\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5236\u7ea6\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4eba\u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u7684\u6784\u9020\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u5bf9\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u501f\u52a9\u5e38\u8bc6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\uff08\u674e\u5f00\u590d\uff0c\u738b\u548f\u521a\uff0c2017\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u517b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u8981\u63a5\u89e6\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u65e5\u65b0\u6708\u5f02\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u9648\u8150\u5316\uff0c\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9760\u6559\u5e08\u6216\u4e0a\u7ea7\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u5728\u5c97\u6216\u79bb\u804c\u5b66\u4e60\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u8981\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u5730\u5438\u53d6\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u6218\u7565\u6027\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u662f\u5177\u6709\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7684\u3001\u6709\u957f\u8fdc\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u957f\u8fdc\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5728\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u5c55\u524d\u666f\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u6218\u7565\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u7740\u624b\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5f53\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e38\u5203\u6709\u4f59\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6545\u969c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5bf9\u786c\u4ef6\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5145\u5206\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u73b0\u573a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6709\u5176\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u57f9\u517b\u6709\u7528\u4eba\u624d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e86\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u5b83\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u9a7e\u9a6d\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u65b0\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u521b\u9020\u3002\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u7a81\u51fa\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4eba\u7684\u667a\u6167\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u53d8\u80fd\u529b\u5219\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u6c14\u8d28\u6216\u6027\u683c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5904\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u806a\u660e\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5728\u7eb7\u7e41\u590d\u6742\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u98de\u901f\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6280\u672f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4eba\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u3000\u4e09\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u80fd\u529b\u57f9\u517b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4e3a\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u76f8\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5168\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u667a\u6167\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u624b\u6bb5\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u53d8\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u7a81\u51fa\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u57f9\u517b\u7406\u5ff5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u91cf\u5355\u54c1\u79cd\u751f\u4ea7\u662f\u4e3b\u6d41\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u5b9e\u65bd\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u3001\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u5206\u5de5\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5355\u4e00\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7f16\u6210\u64cd\u4f5c\u624b\u518c\u6216\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u8fbe\u5230\u6309\u7167\u624b\u518c\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u786e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f53\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e00\u6837\u90fd\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u517b\u4e5f\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u3002\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u804c\u4e1a\u6559\u80b2\u53ca\u4f01\u4e1a\u6559\u80b2\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u80fd\u591f\u6309\u7167\u6807\u51c6\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u590d\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u6cd5\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4f9d\u9760\u5927\u91cf\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u4e60\u9898\uff0c\u6216\u53cd\u590d\u7ec3\u4e60\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6216\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u505a\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u8f93\u7ed9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u53ea\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4f5c\u51fa\u673a\u68b0\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7f3a\u5c11\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u66f4\u8c08\u4e0d\u4e0a\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u6070\u6070\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u6700\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u7531\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u6765\u505a\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u53bb\u53d1\u73b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u601d\u8def\u3001\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u8981\u91cd\u89c6\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u56e0\u6750\u65bd\u6559\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7d20\u517b\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u628a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6559\u80b2\u8d2f\u7a7f\u5c0f\u5b66\u3001\u521d\u9ad8\u4e2d\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5168\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u57fa\u672c\u7d20\u517b\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5c0f\u5b66\u53ca\u521d\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5f00\u5c55\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f16\u7a0b\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u5b9e\u65bd\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u5728\u804c\u8005\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6559\u80b2\u4e5f\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u9762\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u751a\u81f3\u804c\u4e1a\u53d8\u5f97\u6108\u53d1\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u804c\u8005\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u505a\u597d\u8f6c\u4e1a\u4e0e\u8f6c\u5c97\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u6301\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u5c31\u5168\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u5168\u751f\u6daf\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7d20\u517b\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5b9a\u6218\u7565\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u96c6\u7ed3\u6559\u80b2\u53ca\u5404\u884c\u4e1a\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u8d44\u91d1\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u5e08\u8d44\u3001\u6559\u6750\u3001\u6280\u672f\u8d44\u683c\u8ba4\u5b9a\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u8d39\u7528\u8865\u52a9\u7b49\u8bf8\u65b9\u9762\u5236\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5b8c\u5584\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u9ad8\u901fWi-Fi\u7f51\u7edc\u8986\u76d6\u5168\u90e8\u6821\u533a\uff0c\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u7535\u8111\u6216\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6559\u5ba4\u7b49\u96c6\u4f53\u6388\u8bfe\u7684\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e6\u5c4f\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u50a8\u5b58\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u9ed1\u677f\uff0c\u5728\u6559\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5f53\u524d\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u4e2d\u80fd\u62c5\u4efb\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u4eba\u624d\u5341\u5206\u6b20\u7f3a\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u5236\u5b9a\u7d27\u6025\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u57285\u5e74\u5185\u586b\u8865\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u76f8\u5173\u57fa\u7840\u7d20\u517b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u6821\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u540d\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u3002\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7b49\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u624d\u4e2d\u62db\u8058\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d7\u6559\u5e08\u8d44\u683c\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7406\u5de5\u79d1\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6587\u79d1\u53ca\u7f8e\u672f\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u5f00\u8bbe\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e13\u4e1a\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eca\u540e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5c06\u5728\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u7684\u827a\u672f\u611f\u53d7\u65b9\u9762\u6df1\u5165\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u65e2\u61c2\u827a\u672f\u53c8\u61c2\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u8981\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u754c\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6839\u636e\u4eba\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u751f\u6daf\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u7f16\u5236\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u6559\u6750\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u5229\u7528\u5927\u6570\u636e\u6765\u8865\u5145\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u5e02\u573a\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e0e\u6559\u6750\uff08OECD\uff0c2016\uff09\u3002\u8981\u5c3d\u5feb\u8bbe\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u8d44\u683c\u8ba4\u5b9a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u679c\u80fd\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u79ef\u6781\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5e94\u7ed9\u4e88\u8d39\u7528\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f01\u4e1a\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u57f9\u8bad\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5\u51cf\u514d\u57f9\u8bad\u8d39\u7b49\u6fc0\u52b1\u653f\u7b56\u7ed9\u4e88\u6276\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5b9e\u65bd\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u5411\u53ca\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u89e3\u51b3\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u4e0e\u65b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u201c\u6ee1\u5802\u704c\u201d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\u96be\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4eca\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u52a0\u5f3a\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u5411\u53ca\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u63a2\u8ba8\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u5411\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u660e\u786e\u3001\u771f\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e0e\u5b66\u6821\u5171\u540c\u5236\u8ba2\u5b66\u4e60\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u5411\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u73b0\u5b9e\u6027\u3002\u6570\u636e\u8981\u771f\u5b9e\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u53ca\u6750\u6599\u8981\u5148\u8fdb\uff0c\u6559\u6750\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u53cd\u6620\u524d\u6cbf\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5b66\u4e60\u5305\u542b\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5373\u5b66\u751f\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u3001\u827a\u672f\u7b49\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u6253\u7834\u4ee5\u5f80\u6587\u7406\u5206\u79d1\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5373\u6253\u7834\u4ee5\u5f80\u73ed\u7ea7\u5b66\u4e60\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u4e13\u4e1a\u80cc\u666f\u5b66\u751f\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5927\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u8981\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u91c7\u53d6\u8fd9\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5\uff1b\u518d\u6b21\u662f\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u6559\u5e08\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u4ee5\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\u548c\u5f97\u51fa\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6784\u7b51\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5b66\u4e60\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u95f4\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u63d0\u95ee\u2014\u53cd\u9988\u2014\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6e20\u9053\u3002\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b66\u4e60\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u548c\u56e2\u961f\u5408\u4f5c\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u77e5\u8bc6\u78b0\u649e\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u5408\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7efc\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u5411\u53ca\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u8bde\u751f\u4e86STEAM\uff08Science\uff0cTechnology\uff0cEngineering\uff0cArt\uff0cMathematics\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3001\u95ee\u9898\/\u9879\u76ee\u5bfc\u5411\u578b\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff08Problem\/Project-Based Learning\uff1aPBL\uff09\u3001\u521b\u65b0\u601d\u7ef4\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u5904\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e13\u5bb6\u548c\u5b66\u8005\u4e0d\u65ad\u5438\u53d6\u6709\u76ca\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4e3a\u4e86\u57f9\u517b\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u6218\u7565\u63a8\u884cSTEAM\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5e76\u7814\u7a76\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e3a\u5404\u5b66\u6821\u53ca\u4f01\u4e1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5982\u65e5\u672c\u67d0\u804c\u4e1a\u9ad8\u4e2d\u4e0e\u4f01\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86STEAM\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u8be5\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u7528\u4fbf\u5229\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdb\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u9879\u76ee\u5206\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u5f15\u53d1\u5b66\u751f\u5bf9\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f7f\u75284\u4e2a\u8bfe\u65f6\u3002\u6559\u5e08\u542f\u53d1\u5b66\u751f\u8003\u8651\u8054\u7cfb\u519c\u4e1a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u5236\u4f5c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u4e13\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5b66\u751f\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u5173\u4e8e\u5236\u4f5c\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u75284\u4e2a\u8bfe\u65f6\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u4efb\u52a1\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u89e3\u5256\u5206\u6790\u73b0\u6709\u519c\u4e1a\u673a\u68b0\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u611f\u6027\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u8a00\u8bbe\u8ba1\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u57fa\u672c\u96cf\u5f62\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u8fd0\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u9a6c\u8fbe\u8f6c\u901f\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u63a7\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5236\u4f5c\u9a6c\u8fbe\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bb2\u89e3\u9ad8\u611f\u5ea6\u5f69\u8272\u611f\u5e94\u5668\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u7b49\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8054\u7cfb\u7269\u7406\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3\u5173\u4e8e\u6469\u64e6\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f7f\u75284\u4e2a\u8bfe\u65f6\u3002\u6280\u672f\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bb2\u89e3\u73b0\u5b9e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u5982\u4f55\u7f16\u5199\u201c\u4ea7\u54c1\u89c4\u683c\u4e66\u201d\u3001\u901a\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u7b49\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u5757\u5236\u4f5c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\uff1b\u7b2c\u56db\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u603b\u7ed3\u548c\u6f14\u793a\uff0c\u4f7f\u75284\u4e2a\u8bfe\u65f6\u3002\u5b66\u751f\u6f14\u793a\u3001\u8bb2\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u519c\u4e1a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u5173\u8054\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u5f15\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\u68b3\u7406\u5b66\u4e60\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u4eca\u540e\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7701\uff0c2019\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\uff08\u56db\uff09\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u66ff\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u8fdb\u884c\u8f85\u5bfc\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5982X-Tech\u3001EdTech\u3001LearnTech\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5bfc\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6709\u56fd\u5916\u5b66\u6821\u5728\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\u5f15\u8fdb\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\u9605\u8bfb\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u6750\u3001\u505a\u4e60\u9898\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6536\u96c6\u6240\u6709\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7b54\u6848\u3001\u89e3\u9898\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u96c6\u4e2d\u529b\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u529b\u7b49\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5224\u65ad\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5f3a\u3001\u5f31\u9879\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b66\u4e60\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u6750\u6599\u548c\u4e60\u9898\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\u3002\u8be5\u5b66\u6821\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5bf9\u5c0f\u5b66\u516d\u5e74\u7ea7\u5b66\u751f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u521d\u4e2d\u4e00\u5e74\u7ea7\u4e0a\u5b66\u671f\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5e38\u89c4\u9700\u898114\u5468\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5185\u5bb9\u4ec5\u75282\u5468\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u7684\u8003\u8bd5\u6210\u7ee9\u90fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u5e38\u89c4\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u5982\u6b64\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u7528\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5b66\u4e60\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f53\u80b2\u3001\u827a\u672f\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u751f\u521b\u9020\u529b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u94c5\u7b14\u3001\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u3001\u6a61\u76ae\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u524d\u4e0e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65e0\u969c\u788d\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u7ec8\u7aef\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u5feb\u5b8c\u5584\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5728\u804c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u5316\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5f15\u8fdb\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5168\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6b63\u4ee5\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u66ff\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u5c06\u4f1a\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u7cbe\u51c6\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5bf9\u804c\u4e1a\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ece\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c42\u9762\u5236\u5b9a\u6218\u7565\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6760\u6746\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u624b\u6bb5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5305\u62ec\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5728\u804c\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u5185\u7684\u751f\u6daf\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u57fa\u672c\u7d20\u517b\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u300a\u65b0\u7586\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5(\u54f2\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7248)\u300b \u6458\u8981 \u3000\u3000\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5de5 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2745,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2744"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2744"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2746,"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2744\/revisions\/2746"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2745"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.huixigw.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}